B - Medical ghostwriting

Lacasse JR, Leo J. Ghostwriting at elite academic medical centers in the United States. PLoS Med. 2010 February;7(2): e1000230
(doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000230)

Medical ghostwriting, the practice of pharmaceutical companies secretly authoring journal articles published under the byline of academic researchers, is a threat to public health. In 2009 the Institute of Medicine recommended the US-based academic medical centers enact policies that prohibit ghostwriting by their faculties. Authors found that few medical centers have such public policies, and many of the existing policies are ambiguous or ill-defined. An unambiguous policy is then proposed, which defines participating in medical ghostwriting as academic misconduct akin to plagiarism or falsifying data.

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